特殊疑问句
一.英语中疑问句的分类：
英语中的特殊疑问句是日常生活中的常用句式，是进行沟通联络必备的基本句子结构。英语中的疑问句分列为以下几种：
1.一般疑问句
2.特殊疑问句
3.选择疑问句
4.反义疑问句
对于大多数中国学生来说，特殊疑问句是其中较难理解和把握的一种。首先应该明了的是英语的特殊疑问句的构成要件有两个，其一是特殊疑问代词；其二是助动词。
二.特殊疑问代词（特殊疑问词，也称 W词）
1.what 2.when 3.where 4.how 5.why
6.which 7.who 8.whose 9.whom
10.what time 11.what colour 12.what reason
13.what grade 14.what day 15.how old
16.how many 17.how much 18.how long
19.how often 20.how soon 21.how far
22.what about 23.what for 24.how about
25.why not?
特殊疑问词应置于英语句首，才能构成特殊疑问句。这一点恰巧与汉语相反，汉语的特殊疑问词是置于句尾的，而英语中的特殊疑问词是位于句首的，如：
汉语： 这是什么？
英语： What is this?
三.助动词
英语中的各类问句都离不开助动词的帮助作用。很多中国学生从未系统地学习和了解过英语的助动词，因而，在组织英语的问句时就会出现差错。下面，莱曼英语为广大学员总结了英语中常见的22个助动词：
1.am,is,are,was,were
2.have,has,had
3.will,shall
4.do,does,did
5.can,may,must,would,should,could,need,might,dare
助动词关乎于问句，否定句，比较级，as...as句型等语法项目，必须学好。在特殊疑问句中，助动词应紧跟在特殊疑问词或其词组之后，与特殊疑问词构成特殊疑问句的两个基本要件。
四.特殊疑问句案例句子
1.A:What is that on the table? B:It is a Christmas gift for Tom.
2.A:What time do you always get up?B:I get up at 6 o'clock.
3.A:What day is it today? B:It is Tuesday today.
4.A:What colour did you paint your romm?B:Light blue.
5.A:What grade are you in? B:I am in Junior Grade 3.
6.A:What is the weather like today?B:It will rain today.
7.A:What did you say just now? B:Nothing,I said nothing.
8.A:What shall we do with these books?B:Just pass onto the next grade.
9.A:What about rebuilding the house?B:It will cost too much.
10.A:How is the weather today? B:It is fine today.
11.A:How is your English? B:It's OK.
12.A:How can you do that to your classmate?B:It is not my fault.
13.A:How did you get here? B:I got here by bike.
14.A:How many people are there? B:About thirty.
15.A:How much money did you pay him?B:Around thirty dollars.
16.A:How much does it cost you ? B:It cost me 29 dollars.
17.A:How long will you stay there? B:I am going to stay there for one week.
18.A:How often do you go back home? B:Twice a week.
19.A:How soon will the dish be ready?B:Half an hour.
20.A:How long may I keep the book? B:Just one week.
21.A:How long did it take you to get here?B:Around two hours.
22.A:How far is it from your house to your school?B:It is about 20 kilometers.
23.A:How far did you walk? B:I walked 2000 meters.
24.A:How about your holiday? B:It's really wonderful.
25.A:When were you born? B:I was born in January,1980.
26.A:Why didn't you call me? B:Well,I was too busy.
27.A:Which do you prefer? B:I prefer football.
28.A:Whose father works in the library?B:Mike's father.
29.A:Whom did you talk with? B:A friend of mine.
30.A:Who told you that? B:My classmates told me.
五.对划线部分提问题型
在英语考试中，特别是初级的英语考试中，对划线部分提问是常见题型。首先要明了的是，对划线部分提问就是对特殊疑问句的考核，一定要记住，是特殊疑问句，而绝非是其他什么问句。在做对划线部分提问的题型时，必须要牢记的是特殊疑问句的两个要件，即其一，特殊疑问词的选定；其二，助动词紧随其后。案例习题：
1.His father is forty years old
How old is his father?
2.He gets up at six o'clock.
What time does he get up?
3.He went to work by bike yesterday.
How did he go to work yesterday?
4.They usually go back to visit their parents once a week.
How often do they usually go back to visit their parents?
5.The students will have 2 P.E classes in a week.
How many P.E classes will they have in a week?
6.I spent nearly 200 dollars repairing my car.
How much did you spend repairing your car?
7.They are writing their homework in the classroom.
What are they doing in the classroom?
8.He had a talk with Mike just now.
With whom did he have a talk just now?
9.We had a party in the canteen last Wednesday.
Who had a party in the canteen last Wednesday?
10.Our English teacher comes from the U.S.A.
Where does your English teacher come from?
11.I was born in March,1989.
When were you born?
12.This is a retired worker's house.
Whose house is this?
六.特殊疑问句的难点之一
在特殊疑问词的学习中，who 和 whom 都是“谁”，汉语中不分，而在英语中，who 是主格，whom 则是宾格。英语中的主格，宾格之分主要看动词，动词之前用主格；动词之后用宾格。
1.对主格提问：
The students get up at six o'clock.
Who get up at six o'clock?
对主语提问，无需变更或增加助动词，采取用 who 直替的形式。再如：
They went home late yesterday.
Who wnet home late yesterday?
2.对宾格提问：
I talked with Mike in the office.
Whom did you talk with in the office?
就像其他的特殊疑问句一样，一是选定疑问词，二是助动词紧随其后。再如：
They always praise the girl in the class.
Whom do they always praise in the class?
七.最后一个问题
在英语的常用助动词中， do, does, did 不会出现在肯定句中，而在问句中就要选择并填在特殊疑问词之后。
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