中文翻译成英文 急！

Question

翻译是一项跨文化活动。中西方国家的人们使用两种不同的语言，中国使用的是汉语，属于象形语言，而西方国家大部分讲的是英语，属于拉丁语系统。英汉两种语言都具有独特的文化背景和悠久的历史。而中西方由于地理位置，风俗习惯，宗教信仰，思维方式等各方面的差异，对英汉翻译造成一定的阻碍，为英汉互译增加了难度，影响了翻译的效果。
本文从探讨中西方文化的主要差异入手，对宗教信仰、社会风俗习惯、思维观念、价值观以及民族心理等方面进行了对比研究，从而进一步分析这些差异对英汉翻译造成的阻碍和影响，我们把产生的影响归纳为词汇、语义和文化3个方面。
显然，要想使翻译真正达到“忠实、通顺、传神”的效果，需要翻译者根据具体翻译活动情境，采取适当的翻译策略和方法。因而，为了更好的提升翻译的质量，本文详尽地探讨了包括直译和意译、音译和脚注在内的四大类重要的翻译策略，对这些策略和方法的具体应用情境分别作了诠释。直译腔调逐词逐句翻译源语文本，但直译有时会忽略所传递文化信息的有效性；意译强调准确的传递源语文化信息而不拘泥于语言形式，但意译有时会忽略源语语言的文化特色。音译是一种对应源语和目的语语音的翻译策略，通常用来翻译源中文化特色浓重的事物和现象。脚注的应用可以对文化信息进行阐释，弥补其它翻译策略的不足。此外，我们呼吁翻译者在教授和学习语言的过程中重视对西方文化的长期积累和沉淀。
本文以文献研究为基础，采用动态联系的观点及对比分析和总结归纳的方法，意在提高当前翻译的效果，对我国当前翻译教学者、工作者有一定的借鉴意义。

Answer 1

Translation is a cross culture activity. Two different languages, people in western countries use the Chinese use Chinese, belong to the drawing language, while the western countries most speak English, belong to the Latin system. The two languages have the unique cultural background and long history. But in the West because of geographic location, customs, religious beliefs, different ways of thinking, caused some obstacles to English Chinese translation, increasing the difficulty of translation between English and Chinese, the translation effect influence.
Starting from the point of the main differences between western culture, religious belief, social customs and habits, ideas, values, national psychology and so on were studied, so as to further analysis of these differences on the translation between English and Chinese and the influence caused by obstacles, we put into effect of vocabulary, semantics and culture 3 aspects.
Obviously, in order to truly achieve "faithful translation, smooth, vivid" effect, need according to the specific translation activity the translator situation, adopt proper translation strategies. Therefore, in order to better enhance the quality of translation, this paper discusses four kinds of important translation strategies including literal translation and free translation, transliteration with footnotes, the specific application situation of these strategies and methods are explained. The tone word literal translation literal translation, but sometimes ignore the effectiveness of the transmission of cultural information; free translation expresses the source language culture information and not rigidly adhere to the form of language accurate, but the translation sometimes ignore the source language culture. Transliteration is a corresponding to the source language and the target language translation strategies, usually used to things and phenomenon of thick translation in the cultural characteristics of the source. The application can be explained in a footnote of cultural information, to make up for lack of other translation strategies. In addition, we call on the translator in the process of teaching and learning of language in the importance of long-term accumulation and precipitation on the western culture.
In this paper, on the basis of literature research, adopting the analysis method of dynamic contact point and comparison and summary, to improve the effect of translation, for the current translation teaching, has certain reference significance for workers.