wound、injure、harm、hurt的区别在于语境、场景和对象不同。
具体分析:
1. wound,/wuːnd/,
n.(刀、枪或其他武器所致的)创伤,伤口;(感情或名誉的)损害,痛苦
v.(武器或其他利器)伤害,使受伤;(在感情上)使受创伤
v.蜿蜒;使喘不过气;缠绕(wind 的过去式和过去分词形式)
注意:wound强调刀伤或者枪伤。
例句:
The nurse cleaned the wound.
护士清洗了伤口。
The wound was still bleeding.
伤口还在喷血。
A small number of Marines were wounded.
几名海军陆战队士兵受了伤。
50 people were seriously wounded in the attack.
这次袭击中有50人受重伤。
2. injure,/ˈɪndʒə(r)/,
v.使受伤,弄伤;损害,伤害(名誉、自尊等);
注意:injure强调事故当中受伤。
例句:
You do not go out to injure opponents.
你不会刻意去伤害对手。
Take care when placing items, as when opened, they may fall out and injure other passengers.
放置物品的时候请小心,打开的时候,东西可能会掉落导致其他乘客受伤。
Try not to injure the roots of trees and plants.
请尽量不要伤害到树木和植物的根系。
3. harm,/hɑːm/,
n.伤害,损害
v.危害,损害(某事物);伤害(人或动物)
注意:harm强调伤害人或者动物健康和身体。
例句:
He would never harm anyone.
他永远不会伤害任何人。
The court case will do serious harm to my business.
这起诉讼案件将严重损害我的生意。
There is always a lifeguard to ensure that no one comes to any harm.
任何时候都有一名救生员以确保没有人会受到伤害。
4. hurt,/hɜːt/,
v.使受伤,使疼痛;感到受伤,感到疼痛;损害;处于困境,手头拮据;伤心
n.心灵创伤,委屈;(身体上的)伤,痛。
注意:hurt强调伤害情感,对心灵的伤害;或者对身体的伤害。
例句:
I didn't want to hurt his feelings.
我并没有想伤害他的感情。
I was full of jealousy and hurt.
我内心充满了嫉妒和痛苦。
No one's going to hurt you.
没人要伤害你。
I didn't mean to hurt you.
我不是有意要伤害你。