一、主语+不及物动词注意：不能直接加宾语的动词叫做不及物动词。例如：1. The baby laughs. 2. The children are swimming.二、主语＋及物动词＋宾语注意：后面跟宾语意思才完整的动词是及物动词。名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式都可以做宾语。例如：1. The workers made machines. 2. The students are cleaning the classroom.三、主语＋系动词＋表语注意：初中阶段常见的系动词有：get, be, turn, look, smell, taste, sound, become等。表语是英语中的一种特殊成分，常跟在连系动词后面。表语一般由名词或形容词等充当。例如：1. He became angry. 2. My mother is a teacher.四、主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语注意：有些及物动词可以有两个（双）宾语，指人的宾语叫做间接宾语，指物的宾语叫做直接宾语，合称为双宾语。如把直接宾语放在间接宾语之前，间接宾语前要加介词to 或者for。1. 与介词to 的连用的动词主要有give, bring, lend, pass, show, teach, tell, take, send等。例如：He gave me a ruler.=He gave a ruler to me.2. 与介词for连用的动词主要有：buy, cook, do, find, get, leave, make, play等。例如：My mother bought one beautiful birthday present for me. =My mother bought me a beautiful birthday present.注意：如果直接宾语是人称代词时，必须将其置于间接宾语之前。【误】I need some salt. Pass me it, please.【正】 I need some salt. Pass it to me, please.五、主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语宾语＋宾语补足语叫做复合宾语，作宾语补足语的常有以下几类词：1. 后面一般跟不定式作宾语补主足语的动词有：ask, get, order, tell, want, wish，allow等。例如：Our teacher told us to come early tomorrow.2. 后面一般跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有： 四“看”：see, watch, look at, notice;三“使役”：let, have, make; 二“听”：hear, listen to; 一“感觉”：feel等。例如：Did you see him come in?
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