在”with/without +宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,若宾语补足语时不定式,不定式表示的动作将要发生,且句子的主语时该逻辑上的执行者,此时不定式须用主动式
With a lot of difficult problems to settle,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
V独立主格结构的句法功能
独立主格结构一般在句中作状语,表示时间,条件,原因,伴随状况等,还可以作定语。
My shoes removed,I entered a low-ceilinged room.
He is the person with a lot of questions to be settled.
那么到底用 settle 还是 be settled??
ï¼1) å¨ä¸å®å¼ä½å®è¯ççç»æä¸ï¼å½å¥ä¸åºç°çåè¯æ代è¯æ¯ä¸å®å¼å¨ä½çæ§è¡è æ¶ï¼ç¨ä¸»å¨å¼ãä¾å¦ï¼
I have a meeting to attend. (I attend the meeting.) æè¦å¼ä¸ä¸ªä¼ã
The teacher gave John a book to read. (John reads the book.) è¿ä½èå¸ç»çº¦ç¿°ä¸æ¬ä¹¦è¯»ã
å¦æä¸å®å¼å¨ä½æ§è¡è ä¸æ¯ä¸è¿°æ åµï¼èæ¯å ¶ä»äººï¼è¿æ¶ä¸å®å¼åè¦ç¨è¢«å¨è¯æãä¾å¦ï¼
Here are the clothes to be washed. è¦æ´çè¡£æå¨è¿å¿ã
This form is to be filled out in ink. è¿ä»½è¡¨æ ¼è¦ç¨å¢¨æ°´å¡«åã
å¨æ ç¹å®ä¸ä¸æçå¥åä¸ï¼ææ¶ç¨äºä¸»å¨å¼æ被å¨å¼ï¼å«ä¹ææä¸åãä¾å¦ï¼
There is a lot of work to do today.ï¼å«ä¹ï¼for the speaker to do)
There is a lot of work to be done today.ï¼å«ä¹ï¼for you or others to do)
ï¼2ï¼å¨â表è¯ï¼æ宾è¯ç补足è¯ï¼+ä¸å®å¼âçç»æä¸ï¼å¸¸ç¨ä¸å®å¼ç主å¨å¼ä»£æ¿è¢«å¨å¼ãï¼å¨è¿éï¼ä¸å®å¼èµ·çç¶è¯çä½ç¨ï¼ä¾å¦ï¼
They found Professor Jonesâ lecture hard to understand. ä»ä»¬åç°ç¼æ¯ææç讲课å¾é¾æã
She is very nice to talk to. å她è°è¯å¾æææã.
ä½ æçé®é¢ With a lot of difficult problems to settle...ä¸ï¼å±äºè¿ç§æ åµï¼ 常ç¨ä¸å®å¼ç主å¨å¼ä»£æ¿è¢«å¨å¼
He is the person with a lot of questions to be settled. ä¸ï¼ä¹åºç¨to settleï¼çç±åä¸ã
ï¼3ï¼å¨ä¸äºä¹ æ¯ç¨æ³ä¸ï¼æçè¦ç¨ä¸»å¨å¼ï¼æçåè¦ç¨è¢«å¨å¼ã
ä¾å¦ï¼
None of us was to blame forthat. ï¼ç¨ä¸»å¨ï¼æ们è°é½ä¸åºè¯¥ä¸ºé£ä»¶äºåè´£å¤ã
The cfag was novrfierc to be found.ï¼ç¨è¢«å¨ï¼é£åªçï¼åªå¿ä¹æ¾ä¸å°ã
My shoes removedï¼è¿éæ¯ç¬ç«ä¸»æ ¼ç»æï¼çåè¯ååé¢çå¨è¯ä¹é´çå ³ç³»ï¼è¿éæ¯åºè¯¥ç¨è¿å»åè¯ã