开篇
Foreword
洹水安阳名不虚，三千年前是帝都。
Anyang, located near the Huanshui River, is really worthy of its reputation for being an imperial capital 3,000 years ago.
安阳——是中国八大古都之一，国家历史文化名城、中国优秀旅游城市。安阳是五经之首——《周易》的发祥地，是中国最早的文字——甲骨文的发现地，是国家博物馆镇馆之宝——司母戊鼎的出土地，是华夏人祖之根——颛顼帝喾的繁衍地。安阳还有世界文化遗产——殷墟，有被国际友人誉为“世界第八大奇迹”的人工天河——红旗渠，有世界唯一一座以文字为主题的国家级博物馆——中国文字博物馆，以及轰动海内外的考古发现——曹操高陵，中国“庞贝古城”——三杨庄汉代遗址。悠久的历史、灿烂的文化和秀美的山水，构成了一幅磅礴恢弘的美丽画卷。
Anyang is one of the eight ancient capitals of China; a national famous historical & cultural city; as well as an excellent tourist city of China. Anyang is the cradle of Chouyi, which ranks top of the five classic works of China; the hometown of oracle-bone inscriptions---the earliest writing of China; the place where uncovered Simuwu square cauldron---one of the masterpieces of the National Museum of China; Anyang has Yinxu---a world cultural heritage; Red Flag Canal---the man-made Milky Way, which is appraised as “the 8th Miracle in the World”; National Museum of Chinese Writing, the only writing-themed national museum in the world; Cao Cao Mausoleum,
（一)古韵悠长
Ⅰ Time-Honoured History
1.二帝圣陵
1. Mausoleums of Emperors Zhuan Xu and Di Ku
大约4000多年前，上古时代“三皇五帝”中的颛顼、帝喾二位帝王在安阳境内建都，分别在位70多年，是中华民族先民们所崇拜的君王。如今安阳市内黄县就有二帝陵遗址。颛顼创制了九州，确定了兖、冀、青、徐、豫、荆、扬、雍、梁九州的名称和分辖区域，中国首次有了自己的版图和行政区划。至此，华夏泱泱大国雏形初现，“日月所照，莫不砥属”。 此外，颛顼、帝喾加强君权，控制神权，建立人、神分治的官制；伐共工，拓疆土，平水害，利于民；缔造《颛顼历》以指导农事，促进了国家富强，社会发展，为尧舜时期的新发展奠定了基础。
The two emperors of Zhuan Xu and Di Ku, who were among the “Three Emperors and Five Sovereigns” in prehistorical times, both set their capitals in Anyang about 4,000 years ago. They each reigned for more than 70 years, and were worshipped by the ancient Chinese people. Their mausoleums are now located in Nei Huang County, Anyang City. Zhuan Xu instituted 9 states of Yan, Ji, Qing, Xu, Yu, Jing, Yang, Yong, Liang, and defined each district. That was the first time of all for China having its own territory and administrative districts. Moreover, Zhuan Xu and Di Ku strengthened sovereignty, held theocracy and built the separate official systems of people and gods. They defeated Gong Gong, expanded the territory, addressed the flood issue and brought benefit to the people. They created the Calendar of Zhuan Xu to guide agricultural affairs, thus promoted national prosperity and social developmet, laying a foundation for new progress in the period of Yao and Shun.
2.帝都殷墟
2、Yinxu--- Imperial Capital
殷墟，位于中国历史文化名城——安阳市的西北郊，横跨洹河南北两岸。古称“北蒙”，甲骨文卜辞中又称为“大邑商”、“邑商”，是中国商代晚期的都城，也是中国历史上第一个有文献可考、并为甲骨文和考古发掘所证实的古代都城遗址，距今已有3300年的历史。
Yinxu is located in the northwest of Anyang---a famous historical & cultural city of China, lays astride the north and south banks of Huan River. It was called “North Meng” anciently, as well as “Grand Yishang” and “Yishang” in oracle-bone inscriptions. Yinxu was the capital city in late Shang Dynasty, which was 3,300 years ago. It was the first relic of ancient capital in China that was recorded in documents and has been proved by oracle-bone inscriptions and archaeological excavation.
1899年甲骨文发现和1928年殷墟科学发掘以来，殷墟以其甲骨文、青铜器、大规模都城遗址，标志着中国古代高度繁荣发达的文明，奠定了殷墟作为中国古代第一个有文字可考的古代都城地位。
Since the discovery of the Oracle Bone Inscriptions in 1899 and the scientific excavation of Yinxu in 1928, Yinxu, with the Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Bronzes, and large-scale capital sites, has been an icon, demonstrating the height of flourishing civilization in ancient China. And Yinxu thereafter began to enjoy the repuation of the first ancient capital in Chinese history, as proved by writing records.
3.漳邺史迹
3. Zhangye Historical Site
漳河古称漳水，殷墟出土的甲骨文中，多有商王来此举行大型祭祀的记载，这说明漳水和洹水、汤水一样都是商王朝的母亲河，而漳水这位“母亲”给我们留下了众多历史文化遗迹。
In ancient times, Zhanghe River was named Zhangshui River. According to the Oracle Bone Inscriptions unearthed in Yinxu, there were many large-scale rituals held by Shang Kings, which showed that Zhangshui River, as Huanshui River and Shangshui River, were the mother river of Shang Dynasty. The "mother" of Zhangshui River left us many historical relics and cultural remains.
渔洋村浓缩了安阳6000年的历史，各个历史时期文化的发展和演变，在这里都有实物和印证，被外界称之为中国最古老的村庄。
In Yuyang Village, the oldest village in China as dubbed by some people, 6,000 years of the Anyang’s history was concentrated in this small place. The development and evolution of cultures in different historical periods can find their evidences here.
曹操兴建邺都，采用中轴对称封闭式布局，分区明显，为我国都城建设史上划时代的转折，是中国都城发展史上的一个里程碑。同时，在他及倡导下，形成了以明朗清新、质朴刚健为风格特征的建安文学，留下了众多光辉篇章。
The ancient capital of Ye City was built by Cao Cao. With its strucure of closed axial symmetry and distinctive districts, it is a turning point and milestone in our construction of capital cities. Meanwhile, with support and leading of Cao Cao, the Jian'an Literature formed a bright, fresh, simple and forceful style and left many brilliant poets and writings.
4.精忠岳庙
4. Yue Fei Temple of Absolute Devotion
岳飞（1103年—1142年）字鹏举 ，相州汤阴人（今河南安阳汤阴县），民族英雄、军事家、抗金名将。其事母至孝，家贫力学，其母在他背上刺“精忠报国”四字，岳飞以此为一生处事的准则。
Yue Fei(1103 AD-1142 AD), styled Pengju, was born in Tangyin (current Tangyin County, Anyang City, Henan Province). He is a national hero, military strategist, and a famous general resisting the invasion of the Jin. Yue Fei had a poor yet learning-oriented family and a mother of outstanding filial piety. His mother stabbed four words " loyalty to your country " on his back, that was the criterion throughout Yue Fei’s life.
公元1129年，金兀术渡江南进，攻陷建康，岳飞坚持抵抗，于次年收复建康，大破金兵“拐子兵”于郾城，收复郑州、洛阳等地，两河（淮河、黄河）义军纷起响应，复欲进军朱仙镇，惜宰相秦桧力主和，乃一日降十二金字牌，召还，诬以“莫须有”的罪名而死于狱。
In 1129 AD, Jin Wushu crossed the Yangtse River to the South, and then captured Jiankang city. Yue Fei insisted on resistance, and recovered Jiankang city the following year. He broken "Guai Zi Soldiers" of the Jin troops in Yan city, and recovered Zhengzhou, Luoyang etc. Insurgents in the Two Rivers Region (Huaihe River and the Yellow River) echoed Yue Fei's action and prepared to attack Zhu Xianzhen．But Qin Hui，the Prime of the Southern Song Dyansty was advocating reconciliation, and sent twelve golden medals in one day to recall Yue Fei’s army. Yue Fei then was framed by Qin Hui with a pretexted charge and died in prison.
为纪念这位“精忠报国”的英雄，后人在其故里修建了气势恢宏的岳飞庙，前来朝拜者络绎不绝。
To commemorate the this national hero with "loyalty to your country", the later people built a magnificent Yue Fei Temple in his hometown, seeing a continuous stream of pilgrims year after year.
（二）意深文幽
Ⅱ Rich Culture
1.殷商文化
1. The Culture of Yin Shang
自盘庚迁都至殷，历经8代12王，在五百五十多年的统治大业中，这里成为政治、经济和文化中心。殷商文化孕育而生，中华文明由此发端。
Since Pangeng----the King of Shang Dynasty----moved his capital to Yin, which is called Xiaotun in Anyang now, Shang dynasty lasted for eight dynasties with 12 kings in total. In its control of 550 years long, Yin became the center of politics 、economy and culture. Anyang is one of the cradles of Chinese culture.
殷商文化是一个灿烂的文明，具有都市、文字和青铜器三个要素。其以独具风格、规模巨大、规划严饬的宫殿建筑和商王陵墓体现出恢弘的都城气派而卓绝一时；以制作精美、纹饰细腻、应用广泛的青铜器而闻名中外；以青铜冶铸、玉器制作、制骨、陶器烧造等高度发达的手工业而享誉世界；以造字方法成熟、表现内容丰富、传承有序的甲骨文而在世界文明史上独领风骚。
The culture of Yin Shang is a splendid civilization with city、characters and bronze ware. The massive and neat building of palace and ancestral temple were outsanding in the world in that times; the exquisite bronze ware is famous in china and foreign countries with a variety of applications; the well-developed handcraft of bronze, jadeware bone and pottery is world-renowned; the oracle-bone inscriptions, with rich content and well-developed methods of coinage,enjoy a unique significance in the word civilization.
2.易文化
2. The I-Ching Culure
《周易》周文王著。周文王被商纣王囚禁在羑里（河南安阳汤阴一个县城羑里城位于汤阴县北2公里处）。文王“拘而演周易”，周易就这样诞生了。《周易》是一部古老而又灿烂的文化瑰宝，古人用它来预测未来、决策国家大事、反映当前现象，上测天，下测地，中测人事。
The Book of Changes was written by the King Wen of the Western Zhou . The King Wen of the Western Zhou was imprisoned by the King Zhou of the Shang Dynasty in Youli where was in Tangyin of Henan Anyang now. Accroding to classics, King Wen “wrote Chouyi during his imprisonment”. People at that time used it to predict the future.
《周易》研究的对象是天、地、人三才，而以人为根本。易道讲究阴阳互应、刚柔相济，提倡自强不息、厚德载物。“天人合一”，“内圣外王”，“内外兼修”……因易而奠定了中国传统文化的结构，使上下五千年的文明一脉相传。历经数千年之沧桑，《周易》已成为中华文化之根。
The Book of Changes research the heaven, land and people, with people as its root. The Book of Changes promote “constantly striving to become stronger and regarding people and matters with generous virtue”, “Unity of Man and Nature” and “Sageliness within and Kingliness without”……The Book of Changes lays the foundation of Chinese traditonal culture, and is the root of Chinese culture.
3.北朝文化
3. The Culture of Nouthern Dynasty
魏晋南北朝时期，各地庙宇石窟星罗棋布，崇佛成风。佛教文化逐渐发展成为支撑中国传统文化之鼎的主要支柱之一。兴建、开凿于该时期的安阳小南海北齐石窟、灵泉寺、万佛沟、修定寺塔，以其丰富的内容，精湛的雕工充分反映了当时佛教文化兴盛繁荣，对中国石窟艺术、书画艺术的发展起到了积极的促进作用，为后世研究佛教文化发展史及石刻书法艺术提供了重要的实物资料。
In the Wei-jin Northern and southern Dynasties，there were lots of temples and grottoes being builded, and the Buddhist culture became one of the main pillars of Chinese traditional culture. The Xiaonanhai Grotto of Northern Qi Dynasty, the Lingquan Temple, the Xiuding Temple Pagoda and the Wanfo Valley, were all builded in that time. All of the buildings reflect the prosperous of Buddhist culture, promote the development of the grotto art and painting and calligraghy art, and provide the material objects for the research of development of Buddhist culture and stone carving calligraphy art.
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