初二下英语（人教版）第9单元的知识要点。

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

◆unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?
知识点：
1. 现在完成时表示发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常表示短暂动作或位置转移的动词（非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用；也可以表示过去开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态。也就上说，现在完成时虽与过去有关，但实际上强调的是对现在的影响或结果，句中谓语动词通常是延续性动词，且常与表示一段时间状语连用（these days,all this year, recently,for+时间段，since+时间点）
2. 通常与现在完成时连用的几个副词：already,recently,just, ever,never,before,yet等。表示不确定时间的时间词连用。Already,just多用于肯定句；yet,ever,never多用于疑问句或否定句。
3. 现在完成时的结构：主语+have/has+动词过去分词
4. have been to, have gone to:have been to“到过某地”说话时此人很可能不在那里，已经回来，侧重指经历；have gone to“已经去了某地”，说话时此人在那里，或可能在路上，反正不在说话现场。
5. neither开头的倒装句：在英语中“Neither+助动词/情态动词/+主语”这个倒装结构是一种否定形式，表示“两者都不”。如，I can’t work out the problem. Neither can Li Ming.
6. be from, come from:两者都为“从…来，出自…”；表示“出身于…”，应用come from
【注意】问别人的出身或叙述自己的出身时，时态一定要用一般现在时，如果时态为一般过去时，则表示“从…地方来”。
7．Population的用法：1）population是个集合名词，意思为“人口，人数”，常用来指人口的总称。被看作一个整体时，一般不加-s，在句中作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。如，The population of China is about1,300,000,000.
2)如果指一个整体中有多少人数是干什么的时候，谓语动词要用复数形式，这时强调的是一部分人。如，Half of the population in that country are farmers.3)表示“…的人口”时，既可用“the population of+地名”，也可用“the population in +地点”，作主语中心词时谓语动词用单数形式。如，The population in Shenyang is about 8 million.4）表示某国，某城市有多少人口时，用have/has a population of…结构。如，New Zealand has a population of 3,800,000.5）对人口数量提问用what或what large。用large或big表示人口多，用small表示人口少。
8．If的用法：if引导的条件状语从句表示“如果…”。构成形式为“主句+一般将来时态+if从句+一般现在时态”，或“If从句+一般现在时态，主句+一般将来时态”；if还可以引导虚拟语气，表示假设的情况或是发生的可能性不大的情况，从句用过去的某种时态。
9．Sleepy,sleeping:sleepy可作表语或定语，意思为“想睡的，困的”，可用very 修饰；sleeping所修饰的名词可以是人也可以是物。
◆unit10 It’s a nice day, isn’t it?
知识点：
1． 反意疑问句：1）反意疑问句的含义：当对所陈述的某种情况不确定而反问对方时，常用反意疑问句来表达。2）反意疑问句的构成：陈述句+简略疑问句→前部分肯定陈述句+后部分否定疑问句；前部分否定陈述句+后部分肯定疑问句。3）使用反意疑问句时的注意事项：a.前后两部分要在人称上保持一致。b.时态要保持一致（或动词要保持一致）c.回答的一致性（特别注意中文翻译）。注意：yes与no后面的回答部分要一致。4）使用反意疑问句时的特殊情况：a.在祈使句后进行附加疑问句时，用will you表示请求。b.在Let’s后面，常用shall we，表示征询意见。c.在Let us…后面进行附加疑问时，用will you，这一点属于祈使句范围。d 在英语口语中，I am 后面的附加疑问句部分常用aren’t I .e 由nothing作主语的句子，附加问句中人称代词用it.f.由nobody作主语的句子，附加问句中用they代替nobody.g.如果陈述句部分主语是everyone,someone,anyone,no one等不定代词，其附加疑问句部分的主语可以用he,也可用they.h There be…后面的附加疑问句部分仍用there. i.s如果陈述句部分含有否定副词never,few,little等词时，则其附加疑问句部分用肯定形式。J.反意疑问句要求用yes或no来回答，当陈述句部分为否定形式时，回答要特别注意两种语言的表达习惯的不同，注意根据实际情况前后保持一致。
2． cost, price:cost作名词时表示“费用”，通常指服务费，学习费，生活费或房租费等，price通常指具体物品的价格。询问价钱用how much来提问。
3． at lest:至少，最少。其中least为little的最高级，little的比较级为less； 无论如何
4． Prepare的用法：1)prepare for为…做准备，相当于get ready for2)prepare+名词+for +名词，意思为“为…准备…”.3)prepare+名词+to do sth意思为“为…而做准备。”4）prepare to do准备做某事

Answer 2

Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?
1. take a ride 兜风
2. take the subway
3. have been to, have gone to
4. on the one hand, on the other hand
5. a good place to practice your English
6. outside of China
7. end up 结束
8. take a holiday/vacation 度假
9. all year round 全年
10. such as 例如
11. a zoo called/named… 一个叫做……的动物园
12. during the daytime 在白天
13. wake up 醒来
14. wake somebody up 唤醒/叫醒某人
15. have a great/nice/wonderful/great time 玩得高兴
16. a wonderful place to take a holiday/to visit 一个度假/游览的好地方
17. an English-speaking country 一个讲英语的国家
18. be asleep=fall asleep 睡着
19. go on a DISNEY cruise
20. travel to another province of China
21. the reasons for learning English
22. an exchange student
23. improve my listening skills
24. one….,the other..
25. Three quarters of the population are Chinese. 四分之三的人口是中国人（谓语动词用复数形式）
26. What’s the population of China? 中国的人口是多少？（不用how much提问）
27. the population of China is 1.3 billion 中国的人口是13亿。（谓动词用单形式）
本单元目标句型：
1. Me neither.
2.It’s fun to learn another language.
3.Disneyland is an amusement park, but we can also call it a theme park.
4.It has all the normal attractions you can find at an amusement park, but it also has a theme.
5.the roller coaster is themed with Disney characters.
6.You can see Disney characters walking around Disneyland all the time.
7.These are huge boats that also have the Disney theme. You can take a ride on the boat for several days, and you sleep and eat on board.
8.There are also many attractions on board just like any other Disneyland.
9.The boat rides all take different routes, but they all end up in the same place.
10.It is just so much fun in Disneyland.
11.Here’s what two of our students said about our school.
12.When I was a young girl, all I ever wanted to do was traveling, and I decided that the best way to do this was to become a flight attendant .
13.I discovered that the most important requirement was to speak English well, so I studied English at the Hilltop Language School for five years before I became a flight attendant.
14.It was because I could speak English that I got the job.
15.It’s all I have ever wanted to be.
16.However, I know that I have to improve my English, so I have started taking lessons at the school.
17.Maybe when I leave school I’ll think about becoming an English teacher rather than a tour guide.
18.What other job is he thinking of doing?
19.You can rent bicycles at the amusement park.
20.For many Chinese tourists, this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful place to take a holiday.
21.Maybe you fear that you won’t be able to find anything to eat in a foreign country.
22.However, if you ‘re feeling brave, Singapore is an excellent place to try new food.
23.If you go to see lions, tigers, or foxes during the daytime, they’ll probably a asleep.
24.One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round..this is because the island is so close to the equator. So you can choose to go whenever you like—spring, summer, or winter.
现在完成时句型举例：
1.Have you ever been to an amusement park? 你曾经去过游乐园吗?Yes, I have./ No, I haven’t.
2.I have never been there. Me neither=Neither have I. 我也没有.
3.Where is he? He has gone to the Beijing.
4.How long has he been in Beijing? （不能用come/arrive）
5.I’ve never been to an aquarium. 我从没去过水族馆.
6.I have been a student here for a year. 我成为这的学生有一年了. （不能用become）
=I became a student here a year ago.
7.He has been dead for two years.（不能用die）=he died two years ago.
8.I have been a teacher since ten years ago(for ten years.) （不能用become）
9.I have just/ever/already/never seen the movie. Have you ever heard of the man before?

本单元语法讲解
现在完成时
1.现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。本时态标志词：
already （“已经”，用于肯定句中，放在have /has之后或句尾）；
yet （“仍然”“还”，用于疑问句或否定句的句尾）
just（“刚刚”，放在have /has之后）；
before（“以前”，放在句尾）；
ever（“曾经”，放在have /has之后）
never （“从没有”，在have /has之后）
例句：
1.Our teacher has just left.
2.We have studied English already.
3.I have not finished the homework yet.
4.He has never been to Beijing before.
2.某个动作从过去已经开始,一直持续到现在,还有可能持续到将来.动作的持续性要通过一段时间来表示一段时间的表达方法有两种:
for: +一段时间 for a year for two weeks for three years
Since +过去的某一时刻, since nine since last week
Since +一般过去时态的时间状语从句 since you came ; since you got home.
注意：结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是它们可以转换成相应的延续性动词.
1.直接用延续性动词
buy– have；catch(get) a cold –have a cold；borrow—keep；become—be；put on-- wear
2.转换成be+名词
join the army – be a soldier；join the Party –be a Party member；
go to school– be a student
3转换成be+形容词或副词
die—be dead；finish – be over；begin—be on；leave—be away ； fall sleep – be asleep close – be closed come to/ go to/arrive at(in)+某地—be in(at) +某地
4.转换成 be+介词短语go to school– be in school ； get up_ be up；
现在完成时态常见标志词
1.already（已经）, just（刚刚）, never（从未/从没有）, ever（曾经）, yet（仍然/还）, before（以前（句尾时）
2.since+点时刻或从句; for+段时间; how long（疑问句中用来提问since/for短语的）
3.so far；till now；by now（到目前为止；迄今）
4.recently近来 in the past/last+段时间 在过去的几年中
5.once(一次)，twice,　three(four…) times
6.It is the+最高级+n.+ (that) sb.have ever done
例：What’s the best gift you have ever received? 你曾收到的最好礼物是什么?
好好消化吧，祝你成功！

Answer 3

现在完成时

Answer 4

哇给的好多