由于本人英语太差,翻译器翻译得又不太准确。。专业术语又太多。考试在即,急求帮助。。
1、Saving can be used to make investments. The country can use its national saving to make domestic real investments in new production capital(buildings, machinery, and software),in new housing, and in additions to inventories, or it can use its national saving to invest in foreign financial assets. If it uses its national savings to make domestic real investments, benefits to the nation include the increases in production capacity and capabilities that result from new production capital and the housing services that flow from a larger stock of housing. If it uses its national saving to make foreign investments, benefits to the nation include the dividends, interest payments, and capital gains that it earns on its foreign investments, which add to the national income of the country in the future.
2、Disagree. A shift to saving more would tend to increase the surplus, not reduce it. The current account balance equals net foreign investment, and net foreign investment is the difference between national saving and domestic real investment. If national saving increases, then net foreign investment tends to increase, and the current account balance tends to increase(the surplus tends to increase)
3、Imports of goods and services result in demand for foreign currency in the foreign exchange market. Domestic buyers often want to pay using domestic currency, while the foreign sellers want to receive payment in their currency. In the process of paying for these imports, domestic currency is exchanged for foreign currency, creating demand for foreign currency. International capital outflows result in a demand for foreign currency in the foreign exchange market. In making investments in foreign financial assets, domestic investors often start with domestic currency and must exchange it for foreign currency. Foreign sales of this country’s financial assets that the foreigners had previously acquired, and foreign borrowing from this country are other forms of capital outflow that can create demand for foreign currency.
4、Agree. As an investor, I think of my wealth and returns from investments in terms of my own currency. When I invest in a foreign-currency-denominated financial asset, I am (actually or effectively) buying both the foreign currency and assets. Part of my overall return comes from the return on the asset itself-for instance, the yield or rate of interest that it pays. The other part of my return comes from changes in the exchange rate value of the foreign currency. If the foreign currency increases in value(relative to my own currency) while I am holding the foreigner asset, The value of my investment(interns of my currency) increases, and I have made an additional return on my investment.(of course, if the exchange rate value of the foreign currency goes down, I make loss on the currency value, which reduce is my overall return.)