初中英语的6个语法

Question

听老师说初中需要掌握6个语法，了解8个语法，分别都是什么，详细介绍下啊，现在进行时之类的，谢谢了。

Answer 1

1. 人称代词
主格: I we you she he it they
宾格: me us you her him it them
形容词性物主代词:my our your her his its their
名词性物主代词: mine ours yours hers his its theirs
2.形容词和副词的比较级
(1) 一般在形容词或副词后 er
older taller longer stronger, etc
(2) 多音节词前 more
more interesting, etc.
(3) 双写最后一个字母,再 er
bigger fatter, etc.
(4) 把y变i,再 er
heavier, earlier
(5) 不规则变化:
well-better, much/many-more, etc.
3.可数词的复数形式
Most nouns s a book –books
Nouns ending in a consonant y - y ies a story—stories
Nouns ending in s, sh, ch or x es a glass—glasses a watch-watches
Nouns ending in o s or es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes
Nouns ending in f or fe - f or fe ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves
4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变)
bread, rice, water ,juice etc.
5. 缩略形式
I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he is
it’s = it is who’s =who is can’t =can not isn’t=is not etc
6. a/an
a book, a peach
an egg an hour
7. Preposition:
on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.
表示时间: at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast
on Monday on 15th July On National Day
in the evening in December in winter
8. 基数词和序数词
one – first two-second twenty-twentieth
9. Some /any
I have some toys in my bedroom.
Do you have any brothers or sisters?
10. be 动词
(1) Basic form: am/are/is
(2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.
My eyes are(not) small.
My hair is(not) long.
(3)一般疑问句: Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
11. there be 结构
肯定句: There is a …
There are …
一般疑问句:Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.
Are there…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.
否定句: There isn’t …. There aren’t….
12. 祈使句
Sit down please
Don’t sit down, please.
13. 现在进行时.通常用“now”.
形式: be verb ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading.
He/She/It is(not) eating.
动词 —ing 的形式
Most verbs ing walk—walking
Verbs ending in e -e ing come—coming
Short verbs ending in a vowel a consonant run –running swim—swimming
14 一般现在时。通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。
形式:
肯定句:
I go to school on foot every day.
She goes to school on foot every day

Answer 2

一般现在时，肯定句动词用一般现在时：I eat an apple. 否定句eat前加don't ,疑问句do提前有 be动词（am is are)时肯定句用原型，否定句be动词后加not，疑问句be动词提前 一般过去时I ate(eat的过去式）an apple. 否定句didn't eat(这个时候didn't 后加动词原型，疑问句did提前，动词用原型 现在进行时I 'm watching TV. be动词加动词的ing形式（wating).否定句be动词后加not,疑问句be动词提前， 过去进行时I was wating TV. be动词（was were)我，第三人称用was,其他人称用were,用法和现在进行时一样， 现在将来时shall will 加动词原型(我用shall,其他用will），I shall watch TV(肯定句),否定句shall,will后加not,疑问句shall,will提前过去将来时和现在将来时用法一样只是把shall,will变成了should,would. 现在完成时I have had lunch.我吃完午饭了。肯定句have,had加动词原型，否定句have,had后加not,疑问句had,have提前过去完成时和现在完成时一样，只有had,没有have