学生信息管理系统代码设计怎么写

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

struct student
{
long int num;
char name[20];
int age;
char sex[4];
char b[30];
char p[15];
};
int n=0;
struct student stu[100];
struct student *p;

void lr();
void ll();
void cx();
void xg();
void sc();

void main()
{
int z;
printf("+---------------------------+\n");
printf("| 欢迎使用学生信息管理系统 |\n");
printf("+---------------------------+\n");
printf("提示：为保证您的操作得到保存，请按正常顺序退出系统^_^\n");
do
{
printf("\n\t\t\t--------------------------------\n");
printf("\t\t\t+ 主菜单 |\n");
printf("\t\t\t--------------------------------\n");
printf("\t\t\t+ [1]----录入学生信息 |\n");
printf("\t\t\t+ [2]----浏览学生信息 |\n");
printf("\t\t\t+ [3]----查询学生信息 |\n");
printf("\t\t\t+ [4]----删除学生信息 |\n");
printf("\t\t\t+ [5]----修改学生信息 |\n");
printf("\t\t\t+ [0]----退出系统 |\n");
printf("\t\t\t--------------------------------\n");
printf("请输入您的选择：");
scanf("%d", &z);
switch(z)
{
case 0 : break;
case 1 :lr();break;
case 2 :ll();break;
case 3 :cx();break;
case 4 :sc();break;
case 5 :xg();break;
default:printf("\n无效选项!");
}
}
while(z!= 0);
}

void lr()/*录入函数*/
{
int y;
if(n==0)
p=stu;
do
{
printf("--------------------\n");
printf("请输入学生的学号:");
scanf("%ld",&p->num);
printf("请输入学生的姓名:");
scanf("%s",p->name);
printf("请输入学生的年龄:");
scanf("%d",&p->age);
printf("请输入学生的性别:");
scanf("%s",p->sex);
printf("请输入学生的地址:");
scanf("%s",p->b);
printf("请输入学生的电话:");
scanf("%s",p->p);
n++;
p++;
printf("\n1.继续输入.\n0.输入完毕.\n");
printf("请选择：");
scanf("%d",&y);
}
while(y==1);
printf("提示：输入完毕!你一共输入%d个\n",n);

}

void ll()/*浏览函数*/
{
int i,j;
if(n!=0)
{ printf("学生总数:%d\n", n);
printf("学号\t姓名\t年龄\t性别\t地址\t\t电话\n");
printf("-----------------------------------------------------\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
printf("%ld\t%s\t%d\t%s\t%s\t\t%s\n",stu[i].num,stu[i].name,stu[i].age,stu[i].sex,stu[i].b,stu[i].p);
}
else printf("提示:无学生数据，请输入数据！");
}

void cx()/*查询函数*/
{
int c;
int w,i,j=0;
char name[20];
if(n!=0)
{
do{ printf("\n");
printf("+--------------------+\n");
printf("| 按学号查询 请按 1 |\n");
printf("| 按姓名查询 请按 2 |\n");
printf("| 取消 请按 0 |\n");
printf("+--------------------+\n");
printf("请输入您的选择：");
scanf("%d", &c);
switch(c)
{
case 0:break;
case 1:
printf("请输入学生的学号;");
scanf("%ld", &w);
printf("\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
if(stu[i].num==w)
{
printf("\n学号\t姓名\t年龄\t性别\t地址\t\t电话\n");
printf("%ld\t%s\t%d\t%s\t%s\t\t%s\n",stu[i].num,stu[i].name,stu[i].age,stu[i].sex,stu[i].b,stu[i].p);
j=1;
}
if(j==0)
printf("提示:没有该学生记录，请核对！");
break;
case 2:
printf("请输入学生的姓名：");
scanf("%s", name);
printf("\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
if(strcmp(name,stu[i].name)==0)
{
printf("\n学号\t姓名\t年龄\t性别\t地址\t\t电话\n");
j=1;
printf("%ld\t%s\t%d\t%s\t%s\t\t%s\n",stu[i].num,stu[i].name,stu[i].age,stu[i].sex,stu[i].b,stu[i].p);
}
if(j==0)
printf("提示:没有该学生记录，请核对！");
break;
default:
printf("\n提示:无效选项!");
break;
}

}while(c!= 0);
}else printf("提示:无学生数据，请输入数据！");
return;
}

void xg()/*修改函数*/
{
long int num;
int i,j,c;
if(n!=0)
{
printf("请输入您要修改的学生的学号：");
scanf("%ld", &num);
printf("\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
if(stu[i].num==num)
j=i;
do{
printf("请选择您要修改的学生的信息内容：\n");
printf("+----------------------+\n");
printf("| 姓名 请按 1 |\n");
printf("| 年龄 请按 2 |\n");
printf("| 性别 请按 3 |\n");
printf("| 学号 请按 4 |\n");
printf("| 地址 请按 5 |\n");
printf("| 电话 请按 6 |\n");
printf("| 取消 请按 0 |\n");
printf("+----------------------+\n");
printf("请输入您的选择：");
scanf("%d", &c);
printf("\n");
switch(c)
{
case 0:break;

case 1:printf("请输入新姓名：");
scanf("%s",stu[j].name);
break;
case 2:printf("请输入新年龄：");
scanf("%d",&stu[j].age);
break;
case 3:printf("请输入新性别：");
scanf("%s",stu[j].sex);
break;
case 4:printf("请输入新学号：");
scanf("%ld",&stu[j].num);
break;
case 5:printf("请输入新地址：");
scanf("%s",stu[j].b);
break;
case 6:printf("请输入新电话：");
scanf("%s",stu[j].p);
break;
default:
printf("\n无效选项!");
break;
}

}while(c!= 0);
}else printf("提示:无学生数据，请输入数据！");
}

void sc()/*删除函数*/
{
long int num;
int i,j,e;
if(n!=0)
{
printf("学号\t姓名\t年龄\t性别\t地址\t\t电话\n");
printf("-----------------------------------------------------\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
printf("%ld\t%s\t%d\t%s\t%s\t\t%s\n",stu[i].num,stu[i].name,stu[i].age,stu[i].sex,stu[i].b,stu[i].p);
printf("请输入您要删除的学生的学号：");
scanf("%ld", &num);
printf("\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
if(num==stu[i].num)
j=i;
if(j!=(n-1))
{
for(e=i-1;e<n;e++,j++)
{
stu[j].num=stu[j+1].num;
strcpy(stu[j].name,stu[j+1].name);
strcpy(stu[j].sex,stu[j+1].sex);
stu[j].age=stu[j+1].age;
strcpy(stu[j].b,stu[j+1].b);
strcpy(stu[j].p,stu[j+1].p);
n--;p--;
}
}else {n--;p--;}
printf("提示:删除完毕！");
}else printf("提示:无学生数据，请输入数据！");
}

Answer 2

好多语言都可以写学生信息管理系统的，这里以C语言为例，只供参考：
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
typedef struct student {
unsigned m_id;
string m_name;
unsigned m_age;
string m_sex;
string m_address;
string m_contact;
string m_dormitory;
struct student *m_next;
}student;
class CStudent {
private :
student *head;
public :
CStudent() {
head = new student;
head->m_id = 0;
head->m_name = "noname";
head->m_next = NULL;
}
~CStudent() {
student *p = head,*q;
while(p) {
q = p;
p = q->m_next;
delete q;
}
}
student readdata(int model); // model = 1:不读取学号，2:不读取姓名，其他，读取所有信息
void entering();
bool insert(const student &astu);
student *findid(unsigned id) const;
student *findname(const string &name) const;
student *findsex(const string &sex) const;
student *finddormitory(const string &dormitory) const;
unsigned boys() const;
unsigned girls() const;
unsigned headcount() const;
bool eraseid();
bool erasename();
bool modifyid();
bool modifyname();
void Show() const;
void query() const;
void friend statistics(const CStudent &aclss);
void friend erase(CStudent &aclss);
void friend modify(CStudent &aclss);
};
string readstring() {
string str;
while(cin.get() != '\n');
cin >> str;
return str;
}
student CStudent::readdata(int model) {
student tmp;
if(model != 1) { cout << "学 号: "; cin >> tmp.m_id; }
if(model != 2) { cout << "姓 名: "; tmp.m_name = readstring(); }
cin >> tmp.m_age;
cout << "性 别: ";
tmp.m_sex = readstring();
cout << "住 址: ";
tmp.m_address = readstring();
cout << "联系方式: ";
tmp.m_contact =readstring();
cout << "寝 室: ";
tmp.m_dormitory = readstring();
return tmp;
}
void CStudent::entering() {
student tmp;
cout << "学号(0 to return): ";
cin >> tmp.m_id;
while(tmp.m_id) {
if(findid(tmp.m_id) == NULL) {
cout << "姓 名: ";
tmp.m_name = readstring();
cout << "年 龄: ";
cin >> tmp.m_age;
cout << "性 别: ";
tmp.m_sex = readstring();
cout << "住 址: ";
tmp.m_address = readstring();
cout << "联系方式: ";
tmp.m_contact = readstring();
cout << "寝 室: ";
tmp.m_dormitory = readstring();
insert(tmp);
}
else cout << "重复的学号:" << tmp.m_id << endl;
cout << "学号(0 to return): ";
cin >> tmp.m_id;
}
}
student *CStudent::findid(unsigned id) const {
student *p;
for(p = head; p->m_next; p = p->m_next)
if(p->m_next->m_id == id) return p;
return NULL;
}
student *CStudent::findname(const string &name) const {
student *p;
for(p = head; p->m_next; p = p->m_next)
if(p->m_next->m_name == name) return p;
return NULL;
}
student *CStudent::findsex(const string &sex) const {
student *p;
for(p = head; p->m_next; p = p->m_next)
if(p->m_next->m_sex == sex) return p;
return NULL;
}
student *CStudent::finddormitory(const string &dormitory) const {
student *p;
for(p = head; p->m_next; p = p->m_next)
if(p->m_next->m_dormitory == dormitory) return p;
return NULL;
}
bool CStudent::insert(const student &astu) {
student *newnode,*p = head;
if(p->m_next == NULL) {
p->m_next = new student(astu);
p->m_next->m_next = NULL;
return true;
}
while(p->m_next) {
if(p->m_next->m_id == astu.m_id) {
cout << "重复的学号，插入失败!\n";
return false;
}
if(p->m_next->m_id > astu.m_id) {
newnode = new student(astu);
newnode->m_next = p->m_next;
p->m_next = newnode;
return true;
}
p = p->m_next;
}
p->m_next = new student(astu);
p->m_next->m_next = NULL;
return true;
}
unsigned CStudent::boys() const {
unsigned cnt = 0;
student *p;
for(p = head->m_next; p; p = p->m_next)
if(p->m_sex == "男") ++cnt;
return cnt;
}
unsigned CStudent::girls() const {
unsigned cnt = 0;
student *p;
for(p = head->m_next; p; p = p->m_next)
if(p->m_sex == "女") ++cnt;
return cnt;
}
unsigned CStudent::headcount() const {
unsigned cnt = 0;
student *p;
for(p = head->m_next; p; p = p->m_next,++cnt);
return cnt;
}
bool CStudent::eraseid() {
student *q,*p;
unsigned id;
cout << "输入要删除的学号:";
cin >> id;
p = findid(id);
if(p == NULL) {
cout << "没有找到学号是\"" << id << "\"的学生，删除失败!\n";
return false;
}
q = p->m_next;
p->m_next = q->m_next;
delete q;
return true;
}
bool CStudent::erasename() {
student *q,*p;
string name;
cout << "输入要删除人的姓名:";
name = readstring();
p = findname(name);
if(p == NULL) {
cout << "没有找到姓名是\"" << name << "\"的学生，删除失败!\n";
return false;
}
q = p->m_next;
p->m_next = q->m_next;
delete q;
return true;
}
bool CStudent::modifyid() {
student tmp,*p;
unsigned id;
cout << "输入要修改的学号:";
cin >> id;
p = findid(id);
if(p == NULL) {
cout << "没有找到学号是\"" << id << "\"的学生，修改失败!\n";
return false;
}
tmp = readdata(1);
tmp.m_id = id;
*p = tmp;
return true;
}
bool CStudent::modifyname() {
student *p,tmp;
string name;
cout << "输入要修改人的姓名:";
name = readstring();
p = findname(name);
if(p == NULL) {
cout << "没有找到姓名是\"" << name << "\"的学生，修改失败!\n";
return false;
}
tmp = readdata(2);
tmp.m_name = name;
*p = tmp;
return true;
}
int menu() {
int choice;
do {
system("cls");
cout << "\t****************************\n";
cout << "\t* 学生基本信息管理系统 *\n";
cout << "\t*==========================*\n";
cout << "\t* 1、录入学生信息 *\n";
cout << "\t* 2、显示学生信息 *\n";
cout << "\t* 3、查询学生信息 *\n";
cout << "\t* 4、添加学生信息 *\n";
cout << "\t* 5、统计学生信息 *\n";
cout << "\t* 6、删除学生信息 *\n";
cout << "\t* 7、修改学生信息 *\n";
cout << "\t* 0、退出管理系统 *\n";
cout << "\t****************************\n";
cout << "\n\t请选择:";
cin >> choice;
}while(choice < 0 || choice > 7);
return choice;
}
void show(student *p) {
cout << p->m_id << " " << p->m_name << " " << p->m_age << " ";
cout << p->m_sex << " " << p->m_address << " ";
cout << p->m_contact << " " << p->m_dormitory << endl;
}
void CStudent::Show() const {
student *p;
cout << "----------------------------------------------------------\n";
for(p = head->m_next; p; p = p->m_next) show(p);
cout << "----------------------------------------------------------\n";
system("pause");
}
void CStudent::query() const {
int select;
unsigned id;
string name;
student *p;
cout << "1、按学号查询\n2、按姓名查询\n0、返回\n";
cin >> select;
switch(select) {
case 1 : cout << "请输入学号:"; cin >> id;
if(p = findid(id)) show(p->m_next);
break;
case 2 : cout << "请输入姓名:"; name = readstring();
if(p = findname(name)) show(p->m_next);
break;
case 0 : return;
default : cout << "选择错误。\n";
}
system("pause");
}
void statistics(const CStudent &a) {
unsigned total = a.headcount();
unsigned boys = a.boys();
unsigned girls = a.girls();
cout << "学生总数:" << total << "人。\n";
cout << "其中，男生:" << boys << "名。";
cout << "女生:" << girls << "名。\n";
system("pause");
}
void erase(CStudent &a) {
int select;
unsigned id;
string name;
student *p,*q;
cout << "1、按学号删除\n2、按姓名删除\n0、返回\n";
cin >> select;
switch(select) {
case 1 : cout << "请输入学号:"; cin >> id;
if(p = a.findid(id)) {
q = p->m_next;
p->m_next = q->m_next;
delete q;
cout << "成功删除 " << id << " 的信息。\n";
}
break;
case 2 : cout << "请输入姓名:"; name = readstring();
if(p = a.findname(name)) {
q = p->m_next;
p->m_next = q->m_next;
delete q;
cout << "成功删除 " << name << " 的信息。\n";
}
break;
case 0 : return;
default : cout << "选择错误。\n";
}
system("pause");
}
void modify(CStudent &a) {
int select;
cout << "1、按学号修改\n2、按姓名修改\n0、返回\n";
cin >> select;
switch(select) {
case 1 : if(a.modifyid()) cout << "修改成功。\n"; break;
case 2 : if(a.modifyname()) cout << "修改成功。\n"; break;
case 0 : return;
default : cout << "选择错误。\n";
}
system("pause");
}
int main() {
CStudent a;
int an;
do {
an = menu();
switch(an) {
case 1 : a.entering(); break;
case 2 : a.Show(); break;
case 3 : a.query(); break;
case 4 : a.entering(); break;
case 5 : statistics(a); break;
case 6 : erase(a); break;
case 7 : modify(a); break;
case 0 : break;
default : cout << "选择错误。\n"; break;
}
}while(an);
return 0;
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