早期表现为焦虑、抑郁、恶心、呕吐、纳差、发冷、出汗、心慌、脉频不齐、眠差、恶梦、部分有高血压;随着戒酒进展推进会出现震颤、幻觉、意识障碍等反映。
戒酒的好方法:
1、家庭治疗。创造良好的家庭气氛,用亲情温情去解除患者的心理症结,使之感受到家庭的温暖,从而树立起坚定戒酒的决心和信心。
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2、分散注意力。当想喝酒的时候,马上吃饭、喝茶,也可以嚼嚼口香糖减压,或找人谈天、外出散步、或出外跑跑,多做些体育活动,过几分钟“酒瘾”就过去。
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3、减量法。如1斤酒量的,每周递减2两,逐渐直至不喝。减量的多少看个人身体的耐受力,也可以灵活掌握。
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4、借助药物。由于饮酒是一种成瘾行为,有时候借助药物的帮助也是必要的,借助药物治疗是戒酒的常见方法,主要是西药疗法,一般情况下,医生多采用戒酒硫、镇静安眠药物等进行辅助治疗。
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5、减少聚会。少参加聚会,但凡聚会,都免不了喝酒,在那种场合,很难独善其身,最好的方法就是避免这类场合。
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6、看一些关于戒酒的书籍。可以看一些关于戒酒的书,这可以树立自己对酒精的正确态度,在戒酒的时候有精神的寄托是很重要的,文字同时也会使戒酒的决心更加坚定。
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