so that既可引导目的状语从句,又可引导结果状语从句有何区别

如题所述

so that
既可引导目的状语从句也可引导结果状语从句。我们可以从语意关系上和结构形式
上对目的状语从句与结果状语从句进行分辨。
1.
目的是以观念形态存在的潜在的可能性和意欲,不是事实。这一潜在的可能性或意欲的实现,则是结果。目的是主观意念,结果是客观现实。因此,从句若是反映一种意欲、一种可能性,则是目的状语从句;若是一种事实,就是结果状语从句。试比较:

I’m going to take an early bus so that I’ll get there in time.
我打算乘早班公共汽车,以便及时赶到那里。(目的状语从句)

I took an early bus so that I got there in time.
I had taken an early bus so that I got there in time.
我乘了早班公共汽车,及时到了那里。(结果状语从句)
2.
目的状语从句表示动机(即一种可能性),并非事实,只是想要达到某个结果的意愿,因
而从句中多用假定性的谓语动词。常有can,may,will,could, might, would, should等情态动词。情态动词本身并无词汇意义,只是一种虚拟用法。结果状语从句表示客观事实,所以用陈述语气的谓语动词,从句中常无情态动词。试比较:

I always write so carefully that I may make my meaning clear.

我写起来总是字斟句酌,为了让人看懂我的意思。(目的状语从句)

I always write so carefully that I make my meaning clear.
我写起,来总是字斟句酌,结果把意思讲得一清二楚。(结果状语从句)

值得一提的是,从句中如果用情态动词could,有时会使得目的和结果的界限模糊。比如下面这个句子既可表示结果也可表示目的:
He spoke loudly so that everybody could hear him.(结果、目的)

有时,即使从句中用了can,could,should等,它仍是一个结果状语从句。如:

The room was packed with people,so that we couldn’t get in.
房间里挤满了人,我们进不去。

What have I done that you should be so angry with me?
我干了些什么使你对我如此恼火?

(you + should 表“竟然”的意思。)
3.
目的状语从句与主句的关系紧密,在讲话时一气呵成,而结果状语从句则是句子的外在因
素,讲话时往往在主句和从句之间须略加停顿,书写时一般用逗号断开。试比较:

We all arrived at eight,so that the meeting began immediately. 我们都是八点到达的,结果会议马上就开始了。(结果状语从句)

We’ll come at eight so that the meeting can begin early.
我们要八点来,以便会议能早点开始。(目的状语从句)
4.
目的状语从句可以移至句首,从而达到进一步强调目的意义;而结果状语从句不可以,只
能置于主句之后。这表明目的从句在句中的位置比较自由,结果状语从句在句中位置一般比较固定。如:

So that everyone could hear,they used a microphone.
(= They used a microphone so that everyone could hear.)
为了使人人都能听到,他们使用了扩音器。

I was so tired that I could hardly stand.
我太累了,几乎站不起来。
(不能说:So that I could hardly stand,I was tired。)

So that we should/might see the sunrise,we started for the peak early.
(= We started for the peak early so that we should/might see the sunrise.)
为了看日出,我们一早就出发到山顶去。
5.目的状语从句是句子不可分割的一部分,是句子的内在修饰语(adjunct),['ædʒʌŋkt]
结果状语从句并非句子的有机组成部分,是句子的外围修饰语(disjunction)[dis'dʒʌŋkʃən]。
因此,前者可以成为分裂句的强调中心,而后者却不可以。如:

It is so that his students can understand well that the teacher speaks clearly.
正是为了使学生很好理解,教师才讲得清清楚楚。

不能说:
It’s so that he can’t sleep at night that he worries about his son’s health.
只能说:
He worries about his son’s health so that he can’t sleep at night.
正是因为他担心他儿子的身体,所以他晚上睡不着。

so that引导的结果状语从句一般要用逗号和主句隔开,从句里没有表目的的情态动词may, can, might或could。
总之,无论so that引导目的状语从句,还是引导结果状语从句,都通常位于句中,而不置于句首。
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第1个回答  2016-07-14
so that可以用来引导目的状语从句,相当于in order that, 目的状语从句里常用情态动词may, can,
might或could表示目的。如:

I shall write down your name so that I can keep in
touch with you later on.

They climbed higher so that they might get a
better view.

上两句中的so that都可以替换成in order that。在现代英语中,这样使用时,so
that中的so还可以省略,以上面的第二句为例,可以改写为:

They climbed higher in order that they
might get a better view.

They climbed higher that they might get a better
view.

so
that也可以用来引导结果状语从句。虽有似曾相识的感觉,不能把目的状语从句和结果状语从句混淆。比较下面两个句子的意义和结构,就很容易区别了。

He
spoke at the top of his voice so that the students at the back could hear him.
他说话声音很高,为的是后面的同学能听见。(目的状语从句)

He spoke at the top of his voice, so that
the students at the back heard him. 他说话声音很高,结果后面的同学都听见了。(结果状语从句)

so
that引导的结果状语从句一般要用逗号和主句隔开,从句里没有表目的的情态动词may, can, might或could。

总之,无论so
that引导目的状语从句,还是引导结果状语从句,都通常位于句中,而不置于句首。本回答被提问者采纳
第2个回答  2016-07-14

    so that以至于。。。这个时候是结果状语从句

        I eat so much that I cannot breathe.

        吃得太多以至于不能呼吸,这里so后面加一个形容词或副词,表示太。。。以至于。一般so和that要分开

    2.   表示为的是。。。这里就是你说的目的状语从句

       They may be able to help with childcare so that you can have a break

       在这种从句中,so that 一般连用,表示为的是。。。

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