英语的疑问句怎样构成

如题所述

一、一般疑问句

一般疑问句也可称为 “yes / no questions”,因这种问句通常用yes / no来回答,相当于汉语中的“……吗?”其语序是:系动词be / 助动词/ 情态动词+主语+其他成分?如:
Are you from Japan?
Yes I am. / No I'm not.
Is her sister doing her homework now?
Yes she is. / No she isn't.
Does he work in a bank?
Yes he does. / No he doesn't.
Do you live near your school?
Yes I do. / No I don't.
Can you speak French?
Yes I can. / No I can't.
May I go home now?
Yes you may. / No you mustn't.

注意:
1.将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be 动词(am is are …)时,可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。如:

I'm in Class 2 Grade 1. →
Are you in Class 2 Grade 1?
We're watching TV. →
Are you watching TV?

2.陈述句中有情态动词(can may must …)时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句。如:
He can swim now. →
Can he swim now?
The children may come with us. → May the children come with us?

3.陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does 主语后的实义动词用原形。如:
I like these animals. →
Do you like these animals?
She wants to go to the movies. → Does she want to go to the movies?

4.一般疑问句一般读升调(↑)

5.一般疑问句有时不用yes或 no 回答。如:
Are they in town now?
I think so.
May I sit here?
Certainly.
Does he like soccer?
Sorry I don't know.

二、特殊疑问句
以疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有:what who whose which when where how why等。

特殊疑问句有两种语序:

1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序:疑问词(+主语)+谓语动词+其他成分?如:
Who is singing in the room?
Whose bike is broken?

2.如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是:疑问词+一般疑问句语序? 如:
What class are you in?
What does she look like?
Where are you from?
What time does he get up every morning?
How do you know?

注意:
1.回答特殊疑问句时,不能用yes / no,即问什么答什么,尤其是简略回答。如:
Who is from Canada?
Helen (is).
Where's the restaurant?
Near the station.
Why do you like koalas?
Because they are cute.

2.特殊疑问句一般读降调(↓)。

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第1个回答  2010-11-10
疑问主要有四大句型,一般疑问句、选择疑问句、特殊疑问句和反意疑问句。
2一般疑问句的结构

(1)基本的结构为:be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语+(其他),句子要读升调,一般疑问句一般由yes或no来回答。回答一般疑问句除了用yes或no外,也可用certainly,probably,perhaps,of course,all right,with pleasure等代替yes,用never,not at all等代替no。
2、特殊疑问句的结构

(1)基本结构为:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句,即:特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语+(其他),句子读降调。特殊疑问句的答语的重点是对疑问词的回答非所问,因此,不再需要用yes或no。在回答时,可以用一个词或词组,也可以用一个较为完整的句子。
3. 选择疑问句的结构

其结构可用一般疑问句,也可用特殊疑问句,供选择的两部分由or连接,前者用升调,后者用降调。
4.反意疑问句的结构

反意疑问句(disjunctive questions)是一种常用于口语的疑问句,这种问句由两部分组成,前一部分是陈述句,后一部分是附加的一简短问句(称为question tag),中间用逗号隔开,因此,反意疑问句又称附加疑问句。如果陈述句是肯定句式,附加问句用否定句式;如果陈述句是否定式,附加问句用肯定句式。附加问句一般为“be动词(助动词、情态动词)+代词”构成,附加问句中的主语要用代词,如果陈述句的主语是代词,用相应的代词即可,如果陈述句的主语是名词,用相应的代词指代该名词。
如果陈述句中有系动词或情态动词或助动词,附加疑问句中用与它相应的肯定或否定形式即可;如果没有,就要根据陈述句的时态选择适当的助动词
第2个回答  2010-11-10
一般疑问句:助动词或be动词提前。例如:Do(助动词) you have a pen?
Is(be动词) there any pens?
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句 例如:What(特殊疑问词) do you have?本回答被网友采纳
第3个回答  2010-11-10
助动词提前
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