1.in a certain community, there are 3 families con-
sisting of a single parent and 1 child, 3 families consisting of a single parent and 2 children, 5 fam- ilies consisting of 2 parents and a single child, 7 families consisting of 2 parents and 2 children, and 6 families consisting of 2 parents and 3 children. If a parent and child from the same family are to be chosen, how many possible choices are there?
2.If there are no restrictions on where the digits and letters are placed, how many 8-place license plates consisting of 5 letters and 3 digits are possible if no repetitions of letters or digits are allowed. What if the 3 digits must be consecutive?