主谓一致语法总结是什么

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

如下：

and连接的2个名词作主语，表明不一样的人或事，谓语动词用复数。and连接的2个名词做主语，表明同一个人或同一件事，谓语动词用奇数。

两个词习惯性上被当作一个总体时，谓语动词用奇数。当主语由no … and no …, each … and each ..., every … and every … 等连接时，谓语动词用奇数。

当主语由as well as, apart from, besides, in addition to,等词句连接时，谓语动词的单复数与这种词句前的名词或介词保持一致。

当主语由or, either … or …, neither … nor …或not only … but also …等连接时，谓语动词的单复数一般与邻近的名词或介词保持一致。团体名词police，media，cattle等作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。

主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。对大多数人来说，往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难。一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则的支配：语法一致原则 (grammatical concord)意义一致原则 (notional concord) 就近原则 (principle of proximity)。

“主谓一致”考查内容涉及名词单数或复数作主语、不可数名词作主语、不定代词作主语、并列结构作主语、特殊名词作主语时与谓语动词数的一致等。

Answer 2

主谓一致的三种原则：
I. 主语和谓语在人称和数上一致。主语是单数，谓语动词用单数；主语是复数，谓语动词用复数。
1. 可数名词的单数或不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；可数名词复数做主语，谓语动词用复数。
例：Tom has made progress in Chinese.
The Greens are shopping in the mall.
2. 表示时间，距离，长度等复数名词做主语。常被看作主语。
Twenty years is a long time.
3. 不定式，动名词，名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数；What引导的主语做主语从句时，谓语动词的单复数取决于做表语的名词的单复数。
Swimming is a good sport.
What we need is more money, but what they need are books.
4. 如果主语后面带有as well as，including，with等词，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。
My father, as well as my mother is working on the farm.
5. 复合不定代词someone，everyone等做主语，谓语动词用单数。
Nothing is impossible.
II. 谓语动词的单复数形式和主语的意义一致。
1. 百分数，分数做主语，一般根据后面的名词单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。
20% of the students are fond of swimming.
2. a number of +复数名词，谓语用复数形式。
A number of people prefer to stay at home rather than go out.
3. The number of + 复数名词，谓语动词用=单数。
The number of people travelling in China this year is larger than last year.
III. 谓语动词的形式与其最邻近的主语在人称和数上的一致（就近一致）
1. either…or; neither..nor，or等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数和它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
Billy or you have to do housework today.
2. there be句型
There are three chairs.
There is a table and two chairs in the room.