have一般认为是现在完成时的标志.一般来说有两种用法:
1、过去的动作对现在有影响,用现在完成时,如:
He has gone home,because he promised that he would visit his mom.
因为答应过要探望母亲,他现在回家了.
2、过去的动作延续到现在,其实就是从属于第1点,一般和since、for连用,如:
He has lived here since 2010.自从2010年他已经在这住下了.
He has lived here for 5 years/since 5 years ago.他在这已经住下有5年了.
而have been也有两层意思:
1、have been可以认为是现在完成进行时的标志.结构have been doing.
一般来说现在完成进行时有两种用法.一表示过去的动作延续到现在,并有可能延续下去:
He has been working out all day.他整天在锻炼.(暗示有可能继续锻炼.)
二是现在完成进行时有时富有情感色彩.这是现在完成时所没有的功能:
He has been always talking with his girlfriend.他总在跟女友唠叨.(有情感色彩)
He has always talked with his girlfriend.他总跟女友聊天.(没有感情色彩)
还有,have和have been可以认为是现在完成时的主动形式和被动形式,如:
He has gone to work.他已去上班了.(主动)
He has been arrested.他被逮捕了.(被动)
不可以，加上been,表达“是”的意思
我这辈子都是基督徒
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