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气候变化给人类生存带来的影响

1.全球气候变化原因
全球气候变化是由化学燃料燃烧排放大量温室气体而造成的,各种全球变暖背景下的极端气候影响在世界各地频频上演,暴雪、飓风、洪水、干旱……全球气候变暖还引起冰川崩塌消融、海平面上升、粮食减产、物种灭绝……
产生气候变化的原因比较重要的影响因素:一是温室气体增加,热岛效应明显,致使气温不断升高;二是低层云增加,云的反射增强,散 射减弱,特别是晚上,吸收热量增加明显;三是雪和冰的反照率的反馈作用增加;四是亚洲棕色云(污染物)增多;五是土地利用的变化,冻土、草地退化,城市化,荒漠化,森林砍伐等影响较大。

2.气候变化的影响
气候变化给人类生产生活带来了很大的影响。不利的影响主要表现在:冰川物质平衡亏损,冰川水资源减少,冻土退化,冻土的活动层加厚,致使基础建设受到影响。新的病毒和病种对人类健康造成了一些影响。气候变化的影响范围极广,其中涉及了国防、人体健康、国际金融等领域。据科学家预测:到2050年,亚洲大部分地区包括中亚、南亚和东亚、东南亚,淡水供应趋于紧张,这种紧张状况在一些大河流域会特别明显;在沿海地区特别是南亚、东亚和东南亚人口密集地区,洪涝风险将显著增加;在全球气候变化大背景下,伴随工业化、城市化和经济快速发展,亚洲地区自然资源和环境压力将进一步增加。此外气候变化对人体健康的影响,有可能表现为由洪涝、干旱引发的腹泻,其发病率和死亡率将明显增加。

3.气候变化对中国的影响
就中国而言,气候变暖是导致异常气象灾害频发的主要原因。例如上海:位于长江的入海口,平均海拔仅4米,因此很容易受到海潮的侵袭。按货物吨位计算,上海属于世界上最繁忙的港口。2006年,海平面上升、暴风雨和咸水入侵,曾导致上海附近的农田、房屋和湿地受到破坏。WWF报告预测,到2050年海平面将上升30--50厘米,将导致上海地区大约5.4万平方公里(超过该地区一半面积)被淹。
全球气候变化严重影响我国粮食安全。中国是个农业大国,农业生产受自然条件影响很大。到21世纪后半期,小麦、水稻、玉米几种主要农作物的产量将可能下降37%%,如果不采取任何措施,气候变化将严重影响我国长期的粮食安全。

4. 应对气候变化的改进措施
“面对气候变化,我们应该积极应对”。在不可逆转的全球变暖大灾难到来之前,我们唯有节能减排、降低能耗、开发新能源等,放弃化学燃料,改用可再生能源、节约能源、提高能效,减排温室气体,同时保护森林,多管齐下,才能有效遏制全球气候变暖趋势

Climate change impact of human existence

1. Causes of global climate change
Global climate change is the large number of chemical fuel combustion emissions of greenhouse gases caused by the global warming impact of the context of extreme weather around the world frequently staged, snow, hurricanes, floods, drought ... ... global warming has caused glaciers collapse melt, sea level rise, grain production, extinction of species ... ...
Causes of climate change produced the more important factors: First, an increase of greenhouse gases, the heat island effect significantly, resulting in temperatures rising; second is to increase low-level cloud, cloud increased the reflection, scattering decreased, especially at night, absorbing the heat increased significantly; Third, snow and ice albedo feedback increases; Fourth Asian Brown Cloud (pollution) increase; five land use change, soil, grassland degradation, urbanization, desertification, deforestation and so on greater impact.

2. Climate change
Climate change to human production and life is a big influence. Adversely affected mainly: loss of glacier mass balance, glacier water reduction, permafrost degradation, permafrost active layer thickening, resulting in infrastructure affected. New viruses and diseases caused by a number of human health effects. Impacts of climate change vary widely, involving national defense, human health, international finance. According to scientists predict: By 2050, most of Asia including Central Asia, South Asia and East Asia, Southeast Asia, the fresh water supply tensions in some of this tension is particularly evident in large river basins; in the coastal areas, especially South Asia, East and Southeast Asia densely populated areas, flood risk will be significantly significant increase; the background of global climate change Xia, Bansui of industrialization, urbanization and rapid economic development, environmental Ya Li Asian region's natural resources He will further increase. In addition to climate change on human health, there may be variation from floods, drought-induced diarrhea, the morbidity and mortality will increase dramatically.

3. The impact of climate change on China
The case of China, climate warming is leading to abnormal frequency of the main meteorological disasters. Such as Shanghai: at the mouth of the Yangtze River, with an average elevation of only 4 meters, so it is vulnerable to the tide of invasion. By cargo tonnage, Shanghai is the world's busiest port. In 2006, sea level rise, storms and salt water intrusion has led to farmland near Shanghai, housing and wetlands destruction. WWF report predicts that by 2050 sea levels will rise 30 - 50 cm, will result in the Shanghai area of about 54,000 square kilometers (more than half the size of the region) were flooded.
Global climate change seriously affect our food security. China is a large agricultural country, agricultural production greatly affected by natural conditions. The latter half of the 21st century, wheat, rice, corn output of several major crops will likely fall 37%%, if you do not take any action, climate change will seriously affect our long-term food security.

4. Improvement measures to address climate change
"In the face of climate change, we should actively respond to." In the irreversible catastrophe before the arrival of global warming, we only energy conservation, reducing energy consumption, develop new energy sources, to give up fossil fuels and switch to renewable energy, energy conservation, energy efficiency, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, while forest protection, multi-pronged approach to effectively combat global warming trend
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第1个回答  2010-07-17
1 Cause of global climate change
Global climate change is caused by chemical fuel combustion emissions of greenhouse gases, and by various under the background of global warming of extreme weather in the world, blizzard, frequently hurricane, flood, drought... Global warming is melting glaciers collapses caused, and rising sea levels, food production, extinction...
Produce climate change is an important influence factors: one is the greenhouse gas, heat island effect apparent, cause temperature rising, 2 is lower, the clouds, scattered cloud reflected radiation is abate, especially at night, absorb heat significantly increased, Three is snow and ice albedo effect increased rate of feedback, Asia is four brown clouds (increased) pollutants, 5 is the change of land use, and permafrost, grassland degradation, urbanization, desertification, deforestation, etc.

2 The effects of climate change
Climate change to human life brought great effect. Adverse effects mainly displays in: glacial ice water, the material balance loss reduction, frozen soil degradation, permafrost, causing thickening of infrastructure construction. New viruses and diseases caused by some to human health. The effects of climate change range, which involves the defense and human health, international finance, etc. According to scientists predict: by 2050, including central Asia, South Asia and east Asia, southeast Asia, fresh water supplies, this tension tensions in some major river systems will be particularly evident, In the coastal areas, especially in south and east Asia and southeast Asia densely populated areas, flood risk will be increased significantly, In the background of global climate change, with industrialization, urbanization and economic development in Asia, the pressure on the environment and natural resources will further increase. Besides climate change on human health, may have triggered floods and drought on performance of diarrhea, its incidence and mortality rates will be increased significantly.

3 For China's influence on climate change
In China's case, global warming is the cause of abnormal meteorological disasters. Example: the Yangtze river estuary in Shanghai, the average altitude 4 meters only, so vulnerable to the ocean. According to the calculation, Shanghai belongs to goods tonnage busiest ports in the world. In 2006, rising sea levels, the storm and hydro-chemical near Shanghai, have led to the farm, housing and wetland damage. WWF report predicts that by 2050 the sea will rise by 30-50 centimeters, will result in Shanghai area about 5.4 million square kilometres (more than half the area flooded area).
Global climate change seriously affect our food safety. China is a large agricultural nation, under natural conditions for agricultural production. To 21 century, wheat, maize, rice, several major crop yields will probably drop 37% %, if we do not take any measures, climate change will seriously affect our long-term food security.

4 The improvement measures to respond to climate change
"Face the climate change, we should actively respond to". In irreversible global warming disaster, we only saving energy and reducing consumption, develop new sources of energy, chemistry, switch to renewable fuels, saving energy, improving energy efficiency, emission, and protect forests of greenhouse gases under, can effectively curb global warming trend本回答被网友采纳
第2个回答  2010-07-10
用在线翻译器啊!又快捷又方便,百度一搜中文一丢,再鼠标一点,一复制一粘贴,O啦!
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