Shakespeare - Sonnet 18
莎士比亚Sonnet18
莎士比亚所处的英国伊莉莎白时代是爱情诗的盛世,写十四行诗更是一种时髦。莎士比亚的十四行诗无疑是那个时代的佼佼者,其十四行诗集更是流传至今,魅力不减。
Shakespeare's Elizabethan era in England is a prosperous era of love poetry, and writing sonnets is a fashion. Shakespeare's sonnets are undoubtedly the best of that era, and his sonnets are still popular today.
他的十四行诗一扫当时诗坛的矫揉造作、绮艳轻糜、空虚无力的风气。据说,莎士比亚的十四行诗是献给两个人的:前126首献给一个贵族青年,后面的献给一个黑肤女郎。
His sonnets swept away the affectation, beauty, lightness and emptiness of the poetic world at that time. It is said that Shakespeare's sonnets are dedicated to two people: the first 126 are dedicated to an aristocratic youth and the latter to a black girl.
这首诗是十四行诗集中的第18首,属前者。也有人说,他的十四行诗是专业的文学创作。当然,这些无关宏旨,诗歌本身是伟大的。
This poem is the 18th of the sonnets, belonging to the former. Others say that his sonnets are professional literary creation. Of course, these are irrelevant. Poetry itself is great.
莎士比亚的十四行诗总体上表现了一个思想:爱征服一切。他的诗充分肯定了人的价值、赞颂了人的尊严、个人的理性作用。诗人将抽象的概念转化成具体的形象,用可感可见的物质世界,形象生动地阐释了人文主义的命题。
Shakespeare's Sonnets generally express a thought: love conquers everything. His poems fully affirmed human value, praised human dignity and individual rational function. The poet transformed abstract concepts into concrete images, and vividly explained the proposition of humanism with the perceptible and visible material world.
诗的开头将“你”和夏天相比较。自然界的夏天正处在绿的世界中,万物繁茂地生长着,繁阴遮地,是自然界的生命最昌盛的时刻。那醉人的绿与鲜艳的花一道,将夏天打扮得五彩缤纷、艳丽动人。
The beginning of the poem compares "you" with summer. The summer of nature is in the green world. Everything grows luxuriantly and covers the ground. It is the most prosperous time of life in nature. The intoxicating green and bright flowers make summer colorful, gorgeous and moving.
但是,“你”却比夏天可爱多了,比夏天还要温婉。五月的狂风会作践那可爱的景色,夏天的期限太短,阳光酷热地照射在繁阴班驳的大地上,那熠熠生辉的美丽不免要在时间的流动中凋残。这自然界最美的季节和“你”相比也要逊色不少。
However, "you" is much more lovely and gentle than summer. The strong wind in May will trample on the lovely scenery. The term of summer is too short. The sun shines hot on the cloudy and mottled earth. The glittering beauty will inevitably wither in the flow of time. The most beautiful season in nature is also inferior to "you".
而“你”能克服这些自然界的不足。“你”在最灿烂的季节不会凋谢,甚至“你”美的任何东西都不会有所损失。
And "you" can overcome these shortcomings of nature. "You" will not wither in the most brilliant season, and even anything beautiful about "you" will not be lost.
“你”是人世的永恒,“你”会让死神的黑影在遥远的地方停留,任由死神的夸口也不会死去。“你”是什么?“你”与人类同在,你在时间的长河里不朽。那人类精神的精华——诗,是你的形体吗?或者,你就是诗的精神,就是人类的灵魂。
"You" is the eternity of the world, "you" will let the shadow of death stay in a distant place, and will not die if death boasts. What is "you"? "You" are with mankind, and you are immortal in the long river of time. The essence of human spirit is poetry, is it your form? Or, you are the spirit of poetry, the soul of mankind.
诗歌在形式上一改传统的意大利十四行诗四四三三体,而是采用了四四四二体:在前面充分地发挥表达的层次,在充分的铺垫之后,用两句诗结束全诗,点明主题。
The form of poetry has changed from the traditional Italian sonnet four three styles, but adopted four four two styles: give full play to the level of expression in the front, and after sufficient bedding, end the whole poem with two sentences and point out the theme.
全诗用新颖巧妙的比喻,华美而恰当的修饰使人物形象鲜明、生气鲜活。诗人用形象的表达使严谨的逻辑推理变得生动有趣、曲折跌宕,最终巧妙地得出了人文主义的结论。
The whole poem uses novel and ingenious metaphors and gorgeous and appropriate modifications to make the characters vivid and vivid. The poet makes the rigorous logical reasoning vivid and interesting with vivid expression, twists and turns, and finally skillfully draws the conclusion of humanism.