which在定从中怎么用

Question

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Answer 1

2.which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如：

A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. Here is the book(which) he bought yesterday.

定语从句是用一个句子来作定语修饰名词或代词，通常放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词叫做先行词。引导定词从句的关联词为关系代词(which , that, who, whom, whose, as)和关系副词(when ,where ,why )，关系代词在定语从句中可用作主语，宾语，定语等，关系副词在定语从句中只是用作状语。eg：
(1) The student(先行词) who answered the question(主语) was John.
(2)I know the reason(先行词) why he was so angry(状语).

定语从句在选择关连词that 与which时，常常容易出错，所以应记住什么时候只能用that，什么时候只能用which.
（1）．只能用 that 的情况归纳4种：即先行词被序数词最高级修饰过；先行词为all 、everything、nothing等不定代词；先行词同时是人和物并列时；最后先行词分别被the only 、the very the same、the last 修饰。请看下列四组例句，注意其先行词：
①．The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan .
②．I t almost seemed as if the good man were trying to teach us all that he knew at this lesson .
③．This is the very dictionary that I want to find .
（2）．只用which 情况有两种情况：一是非限制性定语从句，关连词要用which；二是做介词宾语时只能用which。请看下列两组例句：
I said nothing, which made him more angry.
I have the book about which you are talking.

在定语从句的非限制性定语中，which 和as 是容易混淆的。在很多情况下两者兼可互换，但在下列情况中不可互换：
1、通常As 可以放在整句的句首，而which只能在逗号之后，as 本身含有“正如”，as 在定语从句中既可是主语也可做宾语
As appear from her paper ,she has read widely in Romantic literature.
She is remarkable, as I have told you.
2、 which 在做非限制性定语从句关联词时可以无明确先行词，指前句整个的意思，如：She has been worried again, which surprises us.

Answer 2

通常物是用which，人是用who，两者都有就用what（what也可以用来指代物或人）。
例：
The book which is on the desk is mine.
Jack who has many books is the owner of that book.