but表示转折，“但是”although是“虽然，即使”的意思instead有两个用法。一是后面跟of.instead of something。二是instead作为句子的结尾。例句：1. 作为替代He is too busy, let me go instead.他太忙了,让我去吧。2. 反而,却Instead of disturbing her, the news had a strangely calming effect.这消息非但没有令她不安,反而产生了一种奇怪的镇定效果。He didn't give John the money, but he gave it to me instead.他没把钱给约翰,却给了我。.instead of的例句：If you cannot go, he'll go instead of you.如果你不能去, 他愿替你去。If there is no coal, oil can be used instead.比如Robert wanted very much to run away from her,instead he took her in his car and drove her home.但是but，一般只用在单纯转折的。although就更容易分辨了，前后句子必然需要“虽然但是”的
因果关系在里面。 补充： (1) 一般意义上的“转折”：but, however, nevertheless(nonetheless), though(2) 表示“对比”含义的“转折”： ① while, whereas ② by(in) contrast, on the other hand, in comparison, conversely(3) 表示“相反”含义的“转折”：on the contrary, instead以上的短语或词都是副词性的，表示含有“相反”的转折。