怎么判断是系动词?很常见的有哪些

如题所述

连系动词多有自己的意思,但不能独立作谓语,必须与表语(名词、形容词,或与之相当的词类、短语、从句)一起构成合成谓语。最常用的连系动词为be(系)动词,即完全连系动词,另外还有look,turn,feel,get,become,sound,smell,stand,go,remain等半连系动词。无论是完全连系动词还是半连系动词、后面都有表语。半连系动词是由实意动词变来的,分辨该动词为实意动词还是半连系动词可以尝试用比较法和替换法。

比较法如下

比较下列各组句子
(1) A. Please look at the blackboard.请看黑板。
B. He looked a perfect fool.他看上去是个十足的神经病
(2) A.Turn to Page 16.翻到 16页。
B.He turned traitor to his country.他背叛了祖国。
(3)A.He felt it his duty to help others.
他认为帮助别人是自己的责任。
B.I felt very hungry after a long walk.
走了一段长路,我感到很饿。
(4)A.Get me some ink.给我一些墨水。
B.Our motherland is getting stronger and stronger.
我们国家变得越来越强大了。
(5)A.Such words do not become a scholar.
那样的话不像出自学者之口。
B.Some of the fields became covered with water.
一些田地覆盖着水。
(6)A.This black key on the piano won''t sound.
这钢琴上的黑键按下去不响。
B. The story sounds interesting.
这故事听起来很有趣。
(7)A.I am sure I smell gas.我肯定闻到了煤气味。
B.The flowers smell sweet.花朵散发芳香。
(8)A.He was too weak to stand.他太虚弱,不能站立。
B.Holding the note in his hand,he stood there dumbfounded.
他拿着钞票,站在那里,目瞪口呆。
(9)A.He goes to school early every morning.
他每天早上很早上学。
B. They went mad.他们发狂了。
(10)A. I remained 3 weeks in Paris.
我在巴黎逗留了三周。
B.He never remained satisfied with his success.
他从不满足于自己的成绩。

替换法

分析以上10组句子我们不难看出B组动词均为连系动词,因为如果我们把动词 be(是)的适当形式替代斜体动词,句子能够成立,后面的成分即是表语。
(1)He was a perfect fool.
(2)He was a traitor to his country.
(3)I was very hungry after a long walk.
(4)Our motherland is stronger and stronger.
(5)Some of the land was covered with water.
(6)The story is interesting.
(7)The flowers are sweet.
(8)Holding the note in his hand,he was there dumbfounded.
(9)They were mad.
(10)He was never satisfied with his success.
反之,如果把 be(是)动词的适当形式替代 A组动词,句子则不能成立,无法解释,A组动词均不为连系动词:
*(l)Please be at the blackboard.
*(2)Be to Page l6.
*(3)He was if his duty to help others.
*(4)Be me some ink.
*(5)Such words are not a scholar.
*(6)The black key on the piano won''t be.
*(7)I am sure I am gas.
*(8)He was too weak to be.
*(9)He is to school early every morning.
*(10)I was 3 weeks in Paris.
另外半连系动词是由实意动词变来的。所以把含有半连系动词的句子改为疑问句时,一定要用助动词。
例如:1. Do they look tired?
2.Has she got ready?
3.Did it become much more expensive to travel abroad?
不论完全连系动词或半连系动词,它们都有时态的变化,但有些半连系动词从形式上看像是现在进行时,实际上并不表示动作正在进行。而是表示“渐渐”的意思或表示一种感情色彩。
(1)It's getting warmer and warmer.
天渐渐暖和起来了。
(2)Are you feeling better now?
你现在好点了吗?
因为半系动词本属于不及物动词,所以没有被动语态。
如不能说:* Good medicine is tasted bitter to the mouth.应说:
Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良药苦口。

参考百度百科
望采纳。追问

你妹,复制你妹

追答

不是简单复制,复制的内容我都已经看过,复制之后字体也已经编辑,而且楼下的解答我也都看

过。确信解答不够详实才复制过来。

你可以去翻我的解答记录。一般来说,除非能找到很详尽的资料,我极少复制的。

请尊重他人劳动,谢谢。

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第1个回答  2014-03-27
用BE动词去替换该动词,若意思能说通,就说明该词为BE动词。She looks beautiful.可以说成She is beautiful.此时,look为系动词。
但She eats an apple. 不能说成 She is an apple. 故eat不是系动词。
系动词很多。具体要看在句中所作的成分。常见的系动词有:look , seem , stay, go, become, turn, get , sound, smell,taste本回答被提问者采纳
第2个回答  2014-03-27
Look,hear,feel,see,等感官动词追问

你妹

发错

追答

系动词后一般都跟形容词,BE动词就是系动词,感官动词也是,如seem, appear, look,feel, smell, sound, taste,become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.prove, turn out,还有很多,只要记住几个常用的就行了,采纳我吧!

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