在定语从句中引导地点用that 和where的区别

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

在定语从句中,that和where都可以用来引导表示地点的从句,但在用法上有以下几点区别:
1. that在引导地点定语从句时,前面通常需要有表示地点的名词,其作用是将地点名词进一步修饰和限定。而where本身就具有表示地点的含义,所以它引导的定语从句不需要地点名词主语。
例如:The city that we visited last year has a long history.
The place where we met again is unforgettable.
2. that在定语从句中作宾语或表语,where在定语从句中只能作宾语。
例如:The hotel that we stayed is very nice.
The hotel where we stayed is very nice.
The city that I consider as my second hometown is Xiamen.
3. where引导的定语从句通常表明所修饰名词所指地点的具体位置或方位,that引导的定语从句一般只表示定性的描述或状语。
例如:The stall where I bought the necklace is at the corner.
The days that we spent on the island were really amazing.
4. 如果地点定语从句涉及到地点名词的所有格或定冠词the,只能用where。
例如:The building where my father works is very tall.

所以综上,在表示地点的定语从句中,where的用法较为固定,主要用来指明具体位置;that的用法较为灵活,可作宾语、表语,除表示地点外还有定性描述的作用,但它前面的主语一般需要是一个明确的地点名词。
根据定语从句所要表达的具体内容和要点来选择that还是where会使句子结构更加紧凑和准确。希望以上解释对您有所帮助。

Answer 2

有两个判定方法：
1.看被定语从句所修饰的先行词（名词/代词）能不能直接和从句相连.
如果可以直接和从句其他成分相连,无须补上介词,则用that/which；
如果需要额外补上介词才能放在定语从句中,则用where.
如：This is the city (which/that I stayed in last year).
把先行词the city放入后面的定语从句,为：
I stayed in (the city) last year.
the city直接做介词in的宾语,所以用which/that.
再如：This is the city (where I stayed last year).
把先行词the city放入定语从句,需要补上介词in方可,即为：
I stayed (in the city) last year.
所以使用where或in which.
2.看定语从句是缺少地点状语还是缺少主语/宾语/表语.
如果缺少地点状语,用where；
如果只缺少主语/宾语/表语,则用which/that.
如：This is the city (which/that) I visited last year.
从句I visited last year中,及物动词visited后面缺少一个宾语,所以用which/that；
再如：This is the city (where) I lived last year.
I lived last year中,缺少地点状语in the city,所以用where或in which
其实上面两种方法是一样的,不知道楼主能不能看明白?
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