1. 合成名词
(1) n+n
air conditioner 空调
blood pressure 血压
income tax
所得税 credit card 信用卡
(2) adj + n
central bank 中央银行 fast food
快餐 solar system
太阳系 remote control 遥控
(3) v-ing +另一词
washing machine 洗衣机
driving license
驾驶执照 (4) 其他方式
by-product 副产品
editor-in-chief 主编
2. 合成形容词
(1)
过去分词或带ed词尾的词构成。
absent-minded 心不在焉的
grey-haired 头发灰白的
(2) 动词的ing 或另一词构成
long-suffering 长期受苦的
far-reaching 深远的(影响)
3. 合成动词及合成副词
water-ski
滑冰 overeat 吃得太多
baby-sit 看孩子
empty-handed 一无所获的
Derivation: add letters to the beginning or the end of a word.
1) 前缀:
(1) dis-: disagree, dislike, disappear
(2) in-(il-, im-, ir-): incorrect, impossible, irregular,
(3) un-: unhappy, unable, unfit,
(4) non-: nonstop, nonverbal (非语言的)
(5) re-: rewrite, review
2) 后缀:
(1) 构成名词：-er, -ese, -ist, -ian, -ment, -tion, -ness, -th.
buyer, Chinese, socialist, musician agreement, collection, illness, truth
(2) 构成形容词: -al, -an, -ful, -ing, -y, -less
national, American, careful,
exciting, cloudy, useless
(3) 构成动词: -fy, -is (z)e:
beautify, realize
(4) 构成副词: -ly:
badly
(5) 构成
数词: -teen, -ty, -th
thirteen, sixty, twelfth
Conversion: change the part of speech of a word.